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- The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
The Treaties are the most important sources of EU law for two main rea-
sons. They provide for the organization, status and mutual relations of the
main subjects of the EU law such as the EU Member States, the EU insti-
tutions and bodies, the natural and legal persons from Member States. Fur-
thermore, they divide the areas of policy making, which belong solely to
the EU, its Member States and as well the areas of their shared competence.
Here is the list of the all treaties which form of the EU primary legislation:
• The Treaty of Paris, establishing the European Coal and Steel
Community (ECSC) (1951-2002);
• The Treaty of Rome5, establishing the European Economic
Community (EEC, 1957);
• The Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Commu-
nity6 (EURATOM, 1957);
• The Merger Treaty7 (1965);
• The Acts of Accession of the United Kingdom, Ireland and
Denmark (1972);
• The Budgetary Treaty (1970);
• The Act of Accession of Greece (1979);
• The Act of Accession of Spain and Portugal (1985);
• The Single European Act8 (SEA, 1986);
• The Treaty of Maastricht9, establishing the European Union
(EU, 1992);
• The acts of Accession of Austria, Sweden and Finland (1994);
• The Treaty of Amsterdam10 (1997);
• The Treaty of Nice (2001);
• The Treaty of Accession of 10 new Member States (2003);
• The Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania (2005);
• The Treaty of Lisbon12 (2009);
• The Treaty of Accession of Croatia13 (2011).
The various annexes and protocols attached to these Treaties are also
considered a source of primary legislation.
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